Variant surface glycoproteins from Venezuelan trypanosome isolates are recognized by sera from animals infected with either Trypanosoma evansi or Trypanosoma vivax

Salivarian trypanosomes sequentially express only one variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) on their cell surface from a large repertoire of VSG genes. Seven cryopreserved animal trypanosome isolates known as TeAp-ElFrio01, TEVA1 (or TeAp-N/D1), TeGu-N/D1, TeAp-Mantecal01, TeGu-TerecayTrino, TeGu-Terecay03 and TeGu-Terecay323, which had been isolated from different hosts identified in several geographical areas of Venezuela were expanded using adult albino rats. Soluble forms of predominant VSGs expressed during the early infection stages were purified and corresponded to concanavalin A-binding proteins with molecular masses of 48–67 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electropohoresis, and pI values between 6.1 and 7.5. The biochemical characterization of all purified soluble VSGs revealed that they were dimers in their native form and represented different gene products. Sequencing of some of these proteins yielded peptides homologous to VSGs from Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) brucei and Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) evansi and established that they most likely are mosaics generated by homologous recombination. Western blot analysis showed that all purified VSGs were cross-reacting antigens that were recognized by sera from animals infected with either T. evansi or Trypanosoma (Dutonella) vivax. The VSG glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol cross-reacting determinant epitope was only partially responsible for the cross-reactivity of the purified proteins, and antibodies appeared to recognize cross-reacting conformational epitopes from the various soluble VSGs. ELISA experiments were performed using infected bovine sera collected from cattle in a Venezuelan trypanosome-endemic area. In particular, soluble VSGs from two trypanosome isolates, TeGu-N/D1 and TeGu-TeracayTrino, were recognized by 93.38% and 73.55% of naturally T. vivax-infected bovine sera, respectively. However, approximately 70% of the sera samples did not recognize all seven purified proteins. Hence, the use of a combination of various VSGs for the diagnosis of animal trypanosomosis is recommended.     

曲杆梁格内力影响面的机动分析有限元法

以米勒-布雷斯劳原理为基础,运用小变形的叠加原理,将曲杆梁格机动分析与有限元静力分析相结合,建立了曲杆梁格内力影响面分析的机动分析有限元法,该方法把内力影响面分析归结为求解在一个等效结点荷载作用下的梁格位移场,并推导了计入横向剪切变形影响的十二自由度空间曲梁单元等效结点荷载计算公式.该方法概念简洁清晰,与静力法及直接求解位移的机动法相比,计算效率大为提高.算例表明了本文理论和所推导公式的正确性.     

数学形态学在木材表面缺陷图像分割后处理中的应用

介绍了数学形态学的基本思想和运算。针对木材表面缺陷图像分割效果不完善的问题,提出基于数学形态学的图像后处理方法,包括应用数学形态学的填充操作、形态滤波以及形态梯度边缘检测等。经实验验证,应用数学形态学进行图像后处理,增强了木材缺陷图像分割结果的可视性和准确性。     

阜平表壳岩的地质特征

依据野外调查资料和室内化学分析，组建了阜平表壳岩的填图单元，单元分为阜平表壳岩上部和阜平表壳岩下部岩石。上部岩石原岩为沉积岩，属角闪岩相，无紫苏辉石，具有变余沉积层理和韵律构造，塑性变形差，从下到上可见片麻岩、浅粒岩、大理岩、斜长角闪岩的大韵律，角闪岩中还见小韵律；上部表壳岩的斜长角闪岩中SiO2、CaO、Mg0的含量均高于下部1％左右。下部岩石原岩为火山岩，见变余火山杏仁状构造和枕状构造，为麻粒岩相，含紫苏辉石，塑性变形强烈，原岩构造保留较少。上下岩石无直接接触关系，从下部岩石中测得Rb-Sr全岩同位素年龄为2700～2900Ma，属太古代岩石。     

人工林杨木表面密实化技术研究现状及发展趋势

资源的转变以及供需矛盾的紧张,使得人工林杨木表面强化技术成为重要的研究课题.本文介绍了国内外杨木表面强化技术的研究现状、发展趋势及取得的成果,指出了表面强化技术存在的问题,并从资源的可行性和市场前景等方面,对表面强化技术的应用进行了探讨,为人工林杨木表面密实化的进一步研究提供借鉴.     

水泥混凝土路面板破坏的原因及防治

本文对水泥混凝土路面产生断板和裂缝的原因进行了分析，并提出了防止断板和裂缝发生的具体措施。